System of ventilation



May 1, 1923. 1,453,333

" K. BAUMANN SYSTEM OF VENTILATION Filed Oct. 9, 1920 2 Sheets-Sheet l j WITNESSES: INVENTOR M W ATTORNEY AAAAAAA NN TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT ON eeeeeeeeeeee c2 WITNESSES: NNNNNN OR Patented May 1, i923.

KARL BAUIJIANN', O33 UEIYZ TON, E1

ZHANUFACTURING 6131111 32 a,

SYSTEIII OF 'ENTILATION.

ii. alicetion filed Soto-her E) 1329. Serial No. 41;; 7'95.

T0 of! whom/it may concern:

Be it known that l, Kain. BM; 31%, a citizen of the Confederation of Switzerland, and a resident of Urmston, in the county of Lancaster, England, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Systems 0'" ventilation of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to systems of ventilation and it has particular relation to apparatus for the ventilation of electrical and other machines or apparatus in which a circulation of air into and out of the machine isprovided for the purpose oi cooling and ventilating the same.

Heretoi ore, it has been customary to provide air passages or ducts outside of the machines and to cause the air to circulate in a closed circuit through the ap iaratus and through air cooling devices arranged 111 a passage or duct external to the machine.

It has been observed, however, that should the cooling devices, in such a construction, entirely or partly break down, the air is continuously circulated therethrough without being cooled with the result that dangerously high temperatures may develop in parts of the machine.

The object of my invention is to avoid this difliculty and to provide improved means whereby the closed air circuit through which ventilating air is continuously circulated may readily be changed into an open or free air circuit in which air from the outside atmosphere may be admitted through the inlet ducts, circulated through the machine and exhausted to the atmosphere.

According to my invention the machine to be ventilated is provided with one or more air inlets and one or more air outlets which communicate with passages or ducts external to the machine. Doors or shutters are provided which so control the conm'iunication between the various passages and between said passages and the atmosphere that. by manipulating the doors. air may be caused either to circulate in a closed circuit through the machine or to-be admitted thereto from the atmosphere. and after circulating through the machine, to be again c-. :hausted vto the atmosphere.

The various doors or shutiers may be interlocked to prevent any stoppage ot the air circulation by reason of certain other doors or shutters being closed at the same time.

in the accompanying drawings:

Fig. l is a vertical longitudinal sectional view of an apparatus embodying my invention.

Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional view on line IIH of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the sliding doors removed from the machine. certain doors being in their open positions and certain others in their closed positions.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view illustrating the doors in other positions and showing the means for controlling the movements oi the respective doors.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of another arrangement of the sliding doors and the controlling means therefor.

Fig. 6 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view of an apparatus embodying a modified form my invention.

Fig. 7 is a horizontal sectional view on line VHVII of Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view of the apparatus illustrating still further n'iodiiication of inyinvention.

Fig. 9 is a horizontal sectional view on line Iii-IX of Fig. 8.

in each of 1, 6 and S a machine 1 to be ventilated is mounted upon a suitable base or foundation .2. The casing of the machine is provided with inlet openings 3 and r located at each end hereof and an outlet opening 5 located centrally of the base 2. The outlet opening 5 conununicates with a downwardly extending passage or duct 6. provided with vertical opening 7 in which air cooling devices 8 removably disposed. A space 9 is located opposite the exit side of the cooling devices 8 and will be hereinafter termed the vestibule. Passages 10 and 11 are formed at the top and bottom of the vestibule 9. The upper passage 10 leads dire;tly to the air inlet d and the lower pa. sage 11 communicates with the botton'i of an upwardly extending inclined passage 12 leading to the air inlet Opposite to the vestibule 9.is a longitudinai passage 13coin:uunicating with the at inosphere through an opening i-i. Lateral passages and 1G establish communication between the vestibule 2) and the atmosphere through openings or ports 17 and 18, respectively.

Referring more particularly to Figs. 1 and 2, the longitudinal passage 13 communicates at the top and bottom thereof with the inlet passages 10 and 11 respectively, by means of ports 19 and which may be covered by gratings, if desired. Sliding doors 21 and 22 may be provided by means of which the openings 11) and 20 may be cut from the vestibule 9. he openings by which the passages 13, 15 and 1G communicate with the atmosphere are also provided with sliding doors 23, 24, and respectively.

it will be apparent that when the doors 2 3 to 26 are closed and the doors 21 and 22 are open, air may circulate in a closed circuit from the air outlet 5 of the machine through the passage (3 and cooling devices 8 to the vestibule 9. The air then divides into two separate currents, one of which passes upwardly through the port 19 and passage 10 into the inlet opening of the machine. The other current passes downwardly through the port 20 into the upwardly inclined passage 12 from which it passes into the machine through the opening 3.

If the inner doors 21 and 22 are closed and the outer doors 23 to 26 are open, air from the atmosphere passes into the passage 13 and thence through the openings 19 and 20 to the inlet channels 10 and 11 and thence to the air inlets 4 and 3 respectively. The air issuing from the outlet 5 of the machine passes through the cooling devices 8 to the vestibule 9 and thence through the lateral passages 15 and 16 to the atmosphere, a free or open circulation of air to the machine thereby being established.

Inthe arrangement illustrated in Figs. 3, 4. and 5, the door 22 is provided with a stud 27 which projects from the door and is adapted to pass through a horizontal slot 29 in the door 26. The stud 27 is provided with a head 28 which normally prevents the stud 27 from becoming disengaged from the slot 29. The slot 29 is provided with an enlargement 30 at one end thereof which will permit the stud to be removed from the slot when it is desired. Similar studs that are provided on the door 21 are adapted to co-operate with a slot 29 in the door 25. These connections may be located at either the tops or the bottoms of the doors or at both the tops and bottoms as shown in the drawing.

1V ith the door 26 in the position shown in Fig. 3, which is its closed position, it will be readily seen that the door 22 is prevented from being moved inwardly to close the passage 13. If the door 26 is drawn back to its open position, which is that shown in Fig. 4, the enlarged head 28 of the projection 27 may pass through the enlarged portion of the slot and. thus permit the door 22 to be closed. The same applies to the doors 21 and 25, respectively.

Fig. -Ll shows an arrangement which may be used for interlocking the doors 21, 25, and 26, respectively, so that, when the doors 21 and 22 are shut, the doors 25 and 26 cannot be closed. Levers 31 are so pivoted as at 32 that one end of each of the levers respectively project into the paths of movement of the doors 21 and and will be depressed when the door is closed. The other ends 3 1 of the lever 31 will thus be raised into the path of movement of the doors 25 and 26 and will prevent said doors from being closed. When the doors 21 and 22 are open and the ends 33 01 the levers 31 are released, the ends 34 thereof may be pressed downwardly, thus permitting the doors 25 and 26 to be closed.

Projections 35 may be provided on the lever with which the doors 21 and 22 engage as they approach their open positions in order to press down the ends 31. The heads 28 on the studs 27 may pass through the openings 30 when the doors 21 and are open, the doors 23 and 26 in closing will cause the studs 27 to enter the slots 29 and thanby maintain the doors 21 and 22 in their open position.

In the arrangement illustrated in Fig. 5, interlocking mechanism of a character somewhat similar to that shown in Fig. 4 is applied to the doors 21, 22, 23 and 24 respectively. Levers 36, pivoted at 37, are provded with ends 38 that are adapted to be engaged by the doors 23 and 21 in their closed positions, thereby causing their other ends 39 to project into the path of the doors 21 and 22, respectively, and prevent the same from being closed. hen the doors 23 and 24; are opened, the ends 1-58 will rise and the ends 39 will be depressed so as to permit the doors 21 and 22 to be closed. When the doors 21 and 22 are closed the end 39 of the treadle will be maintained in the depressed. position and the other end 38 will consequently be raised and prevents the door 23 from being closed.

In Figs. 6 and T, arrangements similar to those shown in 1 and 2 are illustrated but hinged doors 21 to 26 are provided instead of sliding doors as shown in the previous figures. The doors 21 and 22 in their closed position are adapted to abut against a stanchion or narrow partition 40, as shown. The change from a closed ventilation circuit to a free or open ventilation circuit by the n'ianipulation of the various doors occurs in substantially the same manner as hereinbet'ore described with reference to the arrangements shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings.

In the arrangement shown in Figs. 8 and 9, the vestibule 9 is permanently separated from the passage 13 by means of a partition M in which an inspection door 42 may be provided. Communication is established between the vestibule 9 and the inlet passages 10 and 11 through openings at the top and bottom of the vestibule 9 which are provided with doors L8 and a l. The doors s3 and 4a are adapted, in their horizontal position, as shown in full lines, to close the openings from the vestibule 9 to the inlet passages 10 and 11 and to establish communication with the passage 13 to said inlet passages. In the vertical positions of the doors 4E3 and 44-, in which they are shown in the drawings, the communications between the passage 13 and the inlet passages 10 and 11 are closed and the vestibule 9 is in communication with said inlet passages.

It will be readily understood that when the passage 13 is in communication with the air inlet passages 10 and 11, air from the outside atmosphere may be admitted and is permitted to circulate through the machine and is permitted to escape from the vestibule 9 to the atmosphere through the lateral passages 15 and 16, the doors 25 and 26 of which are in an open position.

lVhen, however, the doors a3 and ll; occupy the positions indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 8, and thedoors 25, 26 and 41 are closed, the air within theinachine may pass through the inlet passages 10 and 11 to the inlet openings 3 and at of the machine. After circulating through the machine the air escapes through the opening 5, passage 6 and cooling devices 8 to the vestibule 9. The air then divides into two currents one of which passes upwardly through the opening 4-3 and passage 10 to the inlet opening l. The other current passes downwardly through the opening 44 into the passage 11 and thence into the upwardly extending passage 12 from which it passes into the opening 3 of the machine. A closed circulation is thereby established. The outer doors of the passage 12. if such are provided. may be left open permanently.

t will be apparent from the above description that by the arrangement above set forth. the ventilating system may very quickly be changed from a closed circuit to an open circuit at any time. For example. it the cooling devices become wholly or partly operative or if they are withdrawn to one or the other lateral passages for inspection and repair. operation of the machine need not necessarily be discontinued. It will be understood that the interlocking arrangements described and shown in Figs. 4. and 5 are merely illustrated by way of example and various mechanisms may be used for this purpose. Also. interlocking mechanisms may be applied to the arrangement of doors shown in Figs. 6, 7. 8 and 9.

A thermometer may be provided at a suit-- able place in the air circuits and arranged to operate an alarm should the temperature rise above a predetermined degree. A thermostat may be employed by means oi which the appropriate doors may be caused to open automatically when the temperature rises to such degree as to render it desirable for free air circulation to be substituted for the closed air circuit which is normally employed.

In the above description, it has been assumed that the air inlets are arranged at the end. of the machine and the outlet intermediate its ends. It is obvious. however. that the same arrangements may be employed with a circulation of air in the opposite direction in which case the outlet duct becomes the inlet duct and the inlet ducts are used as the outlets. The air passing through the cooling device is in the reverse direction.

The invention is also not limited as regards the number and the location of the openings by which ventilating air enters and escapes from the machine as the arrange-* ment of these openings and the form and arrangement of the passages or ducts ex ternal to the machine may vary very largely with the type of machine which is to be ventilated and the space available for the ai channels. The ports communicating with the atmosphere may be connected. if desired. by conduits with the air external to the building in which the machine is located. The cooling devices may be of any suitable description and their details do not form a part of the present invention.

Vhat I claim as my invention is:

1. A system of ventilation for dynamoelectric machines comprising a pluralit of ducts. doors arranged in said ducts for controlling the tlow oi a cooling medium therethrough. and means adapted to be moved into and out of the path of one oi? said doors to respectively prevent and permit of the movement of another door. I 2. A system of ventilation for dynamoelectric machines comprising a plurality of ducts. doors arranged adjacent to said duct-s tor controlling the flow of a cooling medium therethrough. and means disposed in the path of one of said doors and adapted to be moved into the path of another of said doors to prevent movement of the same.

A system of ventilation for dynamoelectric machines comprising a plurality of ducts. doors arranged adjacent to said. ducts for controlling the flow of a cooling medium therethrough and lever mechanism disposed in the path of said doors and actuated therewith FOP preventing the movement of one of the same when the other occupies a certain position.

4. A system oi ventilation for dynamoof movement of certain ones thereof to the exclusion of the others.

6. A system of ventilation comprising a. plurality of ducts, a plurality of doors arranged adjacent to said ducts for controlling the flow of a cooling medium therethrough, one of said doors being provided with studs adapted to engage slots in the other to preventmovement of the former and to permit of the moi'ement of the latter.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this first day of (lotober 1920.

K A Tl'L ll A UMA XX. 

